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CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT
Thomas Jefferson remarked that "there is on the Globe one single
spot, the possessor of which is our natural and habitual enemy." In
an attempt to secure New Orleans and its commanding location, Jefferson
brought about the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. After the transfer, Americans
came in large numbers and settled apart from the earlier French community.
Across the neutral ground of Canal Street, and upriver from
the Vieux Carré, was the Faubourg St. Mary. It today forms the Central
Business District of New Orleans, or as the natives say, the CBD. The lower
line of the Faubourg St. Mary was Common Street, which was the upper line
of the Commons, or neutral area two blocks wide between the French and the
Americans.
The CBD today includes the Commons (with Canal Street in the middle),
which makes its downriver boundary Iberville Street. Its other borders are
approximately the Riverfront, the Expressway and Claiborne Avenue. Before
the Americans started settling in this area, the Faubourg St. Mary was the
site of Monsieur Bienville's home and later that of the Jesuits when Bienville
left Louisiana in 1743. Bienville's grant actually ran from Common Street
upriver to the present Jefferson Parish line. After the Jesuits, a public
sale took place and the Pradel family bought the biggest slice of what is
now the CBD. It was sold to André Renard whose wife, Marie, married
Bertrand Gravier after André died. Bertrand named his property Faubourg
Ste. Marie for his wife, and the name has remained long after American domination.
Lots were subdivided, and most of the streets were named during Spanish
rule. Carondelet and Baronne were named for the governor and his wife, while
St. Charles was in honor of Carlos III, King of Spain. There is a Gravier
and a Common Street, while Poydras has become a beautiful corporate boulevard
since t he mid-1960s. The Super Dome is also on Poydras, named for Julian
Poydras who bought the first lot in the Faubourg St. Mary. Residential life
in the early nineteenth century centered around Lafayette Square. Today
a statue of Henry Clay, which once stood on Canal Street at St. Charles,
graces this park. There is also a statue of Franklin, but no Lafayette.
Commerce and industry in the early days concentrated in the Warehouse District
and in the area of Picayune Place. Later on, Canal Street became the major
thoroughfare of the city, as well as one of the widest boulevards in the
country. A canal was planned from the very beginning of New Orleans as a
settlement, but it was never built. Through the years, countless Mardi Gras
parades, streetcars and tourists have traveled up and down its wide expanse.
On Canal could be found the first motion picture theatre in America, Maison
Blanche and D. H. Holmes with its Confederacy of Dunces clock. The
buildings still stand, but with different uses. Today there are luxury hotels,
businesses, retail shopping and restaurants. Office Towers and banks are
also a vital part of the CBD. In the Warehouse District, which has flourished
since the 1984 World's Fair as an urban residential area, there are apartments,
galleries, restaurants, museums and hotels. Offices and stores blend beautifully,
and the area is flanked by the Rouse Riverwalk shopping mall (140 stores
with a magnificent view of the river) and the vast Ernest N. Morial Convention
Center. Between Loyola and Claiborne is the area of the CBD that is home
to City Hall, the Super Dome, hotels, shopping, corporate office centers
and a huge major medical complex (which includes Tulane University Medical
Center and Medical School, Charity Hospital and LSU Medical School - all
on Tulane Avenue, a continuation of Common Street).
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